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Nginx 解决跨域问题
- 跨域是浏览器的安全策略造成的，但其也是必要的，不能为了方便而放弃安全性
- 跨域是不同源的请求导致的：IP、域名、端口等不同都会造成跨域
- 跨域的判断是由请求头和响应头的相关字段进行判断的，这个是设置的基础
那解决方法目前看来有三个：
- 前端层面自己解决：前端请求时自己进行代理
- 网关层面进行解决：在nginx、kong同统一网关中进行配置解决
- 服务后台解决：在Go、Java Web中进行配置解决，经典的Cors配置
有时候是只能使用一样跨域解决方式的，最终的效果是需要保证最后前端收到的请求头符合规范,特别是下面这个头：
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
如果返回的响应头里面少了会跨域，但多了，比如返回了两个相同的，也会跨域
注：在实际开发中，如果发生跨域，排查的第一步就是看看响应头里面是否返回了正确的数据，这样就能精确的进行下一步的解决操作
Nginx配置
下面展示如果通过配置Nginx解决跨域问题：
配置两个服务，监听在相同的端口，服务名不同而已，在转发配置中加上跨域配置，示例文件如下：
vim
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
# 转发websocket需要的设置
proxy_set_header X-Real_IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X_Forward_For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
# Service1服务配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.service1.com;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8188/;
# 设置是否允许 cookie 传输
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials true;
# 允许请求地址跨域 * 做为通配符
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin * always;
# 允许跨域的请求方法
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS';
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization';
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
return 204;
}
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
# Service2的配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.service2.com;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:9096/;
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin * always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE' always;
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization';
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
return 204;
}
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}
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